Vise



May 15, 1923. 1,454,993 H. R. BOTHWELL VISE Filed Ju1y 1. 1921 my. j.

ATTORNEY .9 INVENTOR Patented May 15, 1923.

UITED STATES HENRY R. BOTHWELI., 0F CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T0 SAMUELNEWMAN, OF

CINCINNATI, OHIO.'

VISE.

Application led July 1,

To all whom, 'it may conce/"11,:

Be it known that I, HENRY R. BOTHWELL, a Canadian subject ofthe King ofGreat Britain, residing at Cincinnati', in the county of Hamilton andState of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inVises, of which the following is a specification.

' chine tools, such as shapeis and the like,

where accuracy of adjustment is especially important.

The object of my invention is to avoid the tilting of the work when thevise is tightened thereon. A further object`is to provide a vise meetingthat requirement, which will be as readily opened as is any ordinaryvise. Another object is to provide such a vise for clampingV tapered orother irregularly shaped pieces, and avoiding the tilting. An` otherobject is to provide for ample strength, and te relieve the screw of allundue strains, when operating according to my invention as beforestated. Other objects will appear in the course of the ensuingdescription.

I attain these objects by the device illustrated, for example, in theaccompanying drawing, in which- Figure 1 is a plan view of a viseembodying my invention with respect to only one of the jaws thereof;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the vise;

Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section on a plane corresponding to the line3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a similar section on planes corresponding to the broken line4.--4 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a vise embodying my invention with respect toboth jaws thereof, being to this extent a modification of the previousexample of Figs. 1 to 4, inelusive;

Fig. 6 is a vertical lengthwise section on a plane corresponding to theline 6-6 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a vertical cross-section on planes corresponding to the brokenline 7-7 of 1 Fig. 6; and' Fig. 8 is a partial detail plan view of thetaper-holding jaw and its mounting.

In the example of` Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, the base 1 and the -xed jaw2 are integral; the jaw 2 projecting up `from one end of the base 1,which latter is elongated and rectangular in shape. The base 1 has its1n- 1921. Serial N0. 481,872.

terior slotted lengthwise, from near one end to near its other end; andthe remaining end parts 3 and 4, at the middle, form bearings for thescrew 5 extending lengthwise of the vise with a collar 6 fixed on itsend at the fixed-jaw end of the vise, and having at the other end aflange 7 hearing against the outside of the base part 4 to prevent, inconjunction with the collar 6, end play of the screw. Past this flange 7the screw has a square end part 8 for application of a wrench. Thesedetails are similar to those of usual vises of this character, such, forinstance` as are used on Shapers.

The slotted interior has along opposite lengthwise sides the ribs 9facing toward each other across the slot, near the top of the base, andrunning from end te end of the slot; all surfaces of these ribs 9, andthe narrow part above and the wider part below, ofthe slot walls, beingmade parallel with the screw 5.

The movable jaw 1() projects above the base 1 coextensively with thefixed jaw 2, with its bottom slidable on the base top; and the lug 11projects from the bottom of the jaw 10 down between the ribs 9 of thebase, with an opening through which the screw 5 extends loosely. Thebottom middle part 12 of this j aw 10 from the lug 11 backward, projectsdown to fit snugly between the narrow upper parts of the base-slotwalls, above the ribs 9, to hold the jaw 10 substantially parallel withthe base and cause it to meet the fixed jaw 2 parallel to that jaw, asusual in vise's. The lug 11 is located far enough from the outer orfront end of the jaw 10 to clear the front end of the base slot when thefront end of the jaw 10 reaches the front end of the base. The jaw 10extends somewhat farther'rearwardly from this lug 11 than it doesforwardly; being amply long to have` adequate guiding by its part 12 inthe base slot upper part. In the bottom of this rear part of the jaw 10is the middle recess 13, with its front end vertical, its top curved,and its rear end inclined out to the rear end of the jaw: this recess 13being about the same in width as the space between the base ribs 9. Apin 14 extends transversely through the jaw 10, about concentric withthe curved top of this recess 13, with a collar 15.

The rear or fixed jaw 2 has the facing 16,

as usual in vises; such facings being of hardened steel to preservetheir accuracy. The facing 17 of the jaw 10, as here shown, has itslower edge recessed at 17 coincident with the recess 13, to form acontinuation of the inclined rear wall thereof.

The nut 18 is rectangular, with the screw 5 threaded through it, andwith its sides bearing against the opposite wider lower parts of thebase-slot walls, and the side parts 19 of its top, which are much lowerthan the middle part 20 of its top, bearing up against the bottoms ofthe respective ribs 9 of the base. The higher middle part 2() has itstop'sloped from its rear end, which is rounded down to the rear end ofthe nut;

the front end of the nut being lower, to go v under the movable jaw 10between the recess 13 and the lug 11, while the higher rounded rear partgoes under the rear recessed part of the jaw 10` and its facing 17.Also, thls middle part 20 is much narrower than the space between theribs 9 of the base; admitting the links 21 at its opposite sides betweenit and these ribs 9, which links 21 depend from the pin 14 of themovable jaw 10, spaced apart by the collar 15 therearound. A in 22passes transversely through these links 21 and through the part 20 ofthe nut 18, pivoting them to the nut. Thus connected, these links 21incline downward rearwardly, from the aw 10 to the nut 18; beingaccommodated in this position by the inclined rear wall of the recess.All walls of this recess 13, at rear, above, and in front, leave ampleclearance for these links to swing slightly. on their pivot pins 14 and22; and the nut 18 and lug 11 are so proportioned and positioned thatslight forward movement of the nut 18 relatively tothe movable jaw 10results in engagement of the nut 18 with the lug 11 to push the movablej aw 10 forward, when the screw 5 is turned in one direction.

When the screw 5 is turned in the opposite direction, the nut 18 acts,through the medium of the links 21, to pull the movable jaw l0 backwardtoward the fixed jaw; and the action also is to pull the movable jaw 10downward closely against its sliding bearing on the base top. Theadvantage of this is illustrated in Fig. 2, where parallel-sided blocksA of equal height (indicated by broken lines) are placed against therespective jaw faces, and a piece B (similarly indicated,) which may bea piece to be opera'ted upon, is supported by the blocks A and is to beclamped by the vise. ln usual vises, due to the inevitable slightlooseness in the screw-and-nut and the jaw-guiding bearings, the movablejaw tilts upward when tightened, so that the piece B would bel tilted asindicated by the dot-and-dash lines in Fig, 2. When the vise is wellmade, as such vises usually are, this tilting is very slight,

retenes apparently;but is sufiicient to be ver objectionable where veryaccurate work 1s ref quired-as for instance, to shape'the upper side ofthe piece B perfectly parallel with the lower side, or `within afraction of a thousandth of an inch ofperfect parallel ism. With theusual vise, such an operation with the aid thereof is practicallyimpossible, because the end next to the movable jaw will rise severalthousandths of an inch above the other end, away from the supporting`block A, permitting this block to be pulled out freely, while the otherblock, next to the fixed jaw, is firmly held.

lllVith my invention, comprising means to pulldown on the movable jawwhile tightenmg 1t against the work, this tilting is avoided, and thework can ,be held down tight upon both supporting blocks, insuring thatthe shaping of theupper side will be parallel with the lower side, forinstance, in the example shown. lit thus will be seen that any desiredsetting of the work, for any desired shaping or cutting'operation on oneside relative to two or more points on the opposite side of the work,can be preserved 1n the tightening operation, so that accuracy ispossible with machines of the kinds depending upon such vises to holdthe work, whereas heretofore some inaccuracy was unavoidable.

l have further found that, due to springing of the base 1 and fixed jaw2 in such a vise as that of Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, especially where myimprovement in the movable jaw is used, there will be some tilting ofthesupposedly fixed jaw 2; so that al.- though the movable jaw, if providedwith Vmy improvement, will hold the work down firmly to its requiredposition, the side of the work next to the jaw 2 will rise slightly.Therefore, to. overcome -all of this tilting, at either side, lrecommend the example of Figs. 5 to 7, inclusive, especially when veryaccurate setting is desired.

This vise has the base 1" of elongated rectangular shape, slottedlengthwise be tween end parts 3 and 4, which parts form bearings for thescrew 5, extending lengthwise of the vise with apcollar 6 fixed on itoutside the rear end 3. length between the slotvends, this screw 5 hasright-hand threads, and for the other half of this length it hasleft-hand threads. To permit of its insertion when the other workingparts, to be described, have been assembled on it, the front-end part 1'has its opening much larger than the screw dialneter; and a head 8 iskeyed on the reduced end part of the screw 5', with a journal 8.ifitting in the opening to form the bearing for the screw at this end.Outside the end part 1' this head 8 comprises the flange 7 and the endpart of the head is squared to receive a wrench.

For one-half its into the slot between the ribs 9, and with thedownwardly projecting middle part 12 for part of the length of each jawto guide the jaws parallel to the base and screw, and to each other."Each jaw has the recess 13 similar to that of the jaw-ot` Figs. 1 to 4,inclusive; and with a pin 14 trans-v versely through the jawi across therecess, as in that example, and having the collar 15 between the links21.-

The facings 16 and 16" of these jaws 10 are provided similarly to thoseof the other example; but here I have illustrated how I provide forholding tapered or irregular pieces. Each jaw face 16 or 16" has, at itsmiddle, from top to bottom, a bore 23"cut ting slightly through the face(Fig. 8,) and the auxiliary jaw 24 is provided, of the height and widthof the jaws 10, having at its middle, running from top to bottom, acylindrical detent-rib 25 joining the jaw 24 l by a neck 26 from whichthe adjacent side of the jaw 24 recedes out to its opposite ends; theopposite, or free, face of the jaw 24 being straight. The detent-rib 25fits snugly in either bore 23, with the neck 26 extending out throughthe face where the bore cuts through and clearing the sides of the slotthus formed; so that theiauxiliary jaw 25 can swing in a ho rizontalplane with this rib 25 Ain the bore 23 as a bearing. Thus the straightface of the jaw 24 can adjust itself 'to one side of a tapered orirregularly shaped piece, the other side of which is held against theopposite jaw of the vise.

In this vise, the facings 16 and 16 both are mounted to escape therecesses 13'., avoiding recessing of their bottom edges, andaocommodating the bores 23 as just described. The nuts 18 are similar tothe single nut of the previous example, withside parts V19" bearing upagainst the ribs 9 and the middle parts 20 receiving the links 21 onthe' pins 22 transversely therein, to connect to Athe respective jaws 10by means of the links 21 pivoting on the pins 14 thereof, and incliningdownward in each jaw toward the other jaw. Also. these nuts 18.coactwith the lugs 11 of the respective jaws 10 as beforefdescribed for thoseparts in the previous example.

Thus, when the screw 5 is turned in one direction, its oppositelydirected threads will cause the nuts 18 to recede from each other,engaging the lugs 11 and forcing the jaws apart; and when turned in theopposite direction, the nuts 18 act through the links 21 to pull thejaws toward each other and to pull the jaws downward closely againsttheir sliding bearings on the base Twomovable jaws 10 have theirv .withsaid guide.

top. Therefore the same advanta e'is derived for both jaws, that-isderive for the,

as I have found in practice.v

I also have found that, when an auxiliaryv jaw 24 1s used for holding atapered or irreg-y ularly shaped iece in the vise,'it also will beprevented 23 makes it practically unitary with theljaw face containingthe bore 23, so far as ,concerns up-and-down tilting, but leaves it\free to swivel sidewise as described herein. will be understood thatthe auxiliary jaw 24 is applicable to either the Afixed or movable jawof the irst example; although I have illustrated it only with the visehaving both jaws movable, it is not peculiar to that ex'- ample. l

In either example, the bearing of the nut s1de parts 19 or 19 up againstthe ribs .9 or 9 relieves the screw of the jaw-pulling re action astransmitted through the-links.

`.The vises are shown on' pedestals, 2.7 in lugs. l to'y 4, o1` 27 inFigs. 5 to 7 inclusive,

to swivel horizontally, asis usual with,

Shaper vises. However, it will be ui lerstood that these mountings, aswell as details of construction of the vi: s themselves, may be varied,depending u; .in circumstances-or the type of vise require Therefore,while certain constructional details-are deemed preferable, and I haveshown and described these rather specifically,

I do not wish to be understood as being limrom tilting up, because itslong pivot-bearlng of its rib 25 in the bore' ited to such preciseshowing and description,

but having thus fully described my invention. whatvI claim as new anddesire to ser other jaw, a guide for the mo'vablefja'w,`

forcing means below said jaws operatively related to said one jaw forsimultaneously forcing said one-jaw toward said other jaw and towardsaid guide, and means rigid on said-one jaw, extendingifrom this jawdown to said forcing meansvwhereby said forcing means forces said 011ejaw-away from" said other jaw by pressure substantially parallel j 3. Ina vise, a pair of'jaws, one jaw .be-

ing movable toward and 'away from the."v vother jaw, guiding means forsaid jaws, a

screw, a nut on said screw, a .member movablyengaging said nut and saidone jaw, for simultaneously forcing one jaw toward the other jaw andtoward said guiding means, and means rigid on said onejaw, ex-

tending from this jaw to said nut whereby said nut forces said one jawaway from the other jaw by ressure substantially parallel with said guiing means.

4. In a vise, in combination with a base, a screw turning in said baseon an axis lengthwise of said base, and a pair of jaws on said base, oneof said jaws being vmovable lengthwise along said base toward and awayfrom the other jaw, a link connected tosaid screw for movement therebyand connected to said movable jaw and inclining away from said other jawfrom said screw.

to said movable jaw. D

'5. In a vise, in combination with a base,

. a screw turning in said base on an axis l lengthwise along said basetoward and away from the other jaw, a nut moved by said screw `alongsaid base, a link pivoted to saidl nut and pivoted to said movable jaw,iiiclined away from said other jaw from said nut to said movable jaw,and a guide along said base, on which said nut bears toward said movablejaw when moving toward said other jaw.

7. In a vise, in combination with a base, a screw turning in said baseon an axis lengthwise of said base, andl a pair of jaws on said base,one of said jaws being movable lengthwise along said base toward andaway from the other jaw, a nut moved by said screw along said base, alink pivoted to said nut and pivoted to said movable jaw, inclined awayfrom said other jaw from said nut to said movable jaw, and a projectionon said movable jaw, engaged by said nut when said nut moves away fromsaid other jaw.

8. In a vise, 1n Vcombination with a base, a screw turning in said baseon an axis f lengthwise of said base, and a pair of jaws on said base,one of said jaws being movablme lengthwise along said base toward andaway from the other jaw, a nut moved by said screw along said base, alink, pivoted to said nut and pivoted to said movable jaw, inclinedaway. from said other jaw'rom said nut to said movable jaw, a projectionon said movable jaw, engaged by said nut when said nut moves away fromsaid other jaw, and a guidejalongv said base, on which said nut bearstoward said movable jawwhen moving toward said other jaw.

9. In a vise, in combination with a base, a screw turningin said baseonan axis lengthwise of said base, having oppositely disposed threads onopposite end parts, a pair of jaws on said base, each of said jaws beingmovable lengthwise along said base toward and away from the other jaw,and links connected to respective oppositely threaded end parts of saidscrew for movement thereby in opposite directions, and connected torespective jaws and inclining away from each other from said screw tosaid jaws.

10. In a vise, in combination with a base and a screw turnin in saidbase on an axis lengthwise of said base, a, pair of jaws on saidbase,one of said jaws being movable lengthwise along said base, toward andaway from the. other jaw and having a recess in .its bottom, a pin insaid jaw transversely through said recess, a nut traveling along saidscrew having lower side parts and a higher mi dle part, links in saidrecess, pivoted on said pin and projecting to opposite sides of saidmiddle art of said nut, a pin transversely throng said links and saidmiddle part, and ribs along said base,-against which said side parts ofsaid nut bear upward.

11. In a, vise, in combination with a base and a screw turning in saidbase on an axis lengthwise of said base, a pair of jaws on said base,one of said jaws being movable lengthwise along4 said base toward andaway from the other jaw and having a recess in its bottom, a pin in saidjaw transversely through said recess, a nut traveling along said screw,having lower side parts and a middle part, ribs along said base,againstIS which said side parts of said nut bear upward, and aprojection on the bottom of said movable jaw, between said ribs, to beengaged by ysaid nut on movement away from said other jaw.

12. In a vise a .pair of jaws with substantially parallel faces, one ofsaid jaws being movable toward and away from the other jaw, and one ofsaid jaws having a bore substantially parallel with its face, cuttingthrough said face in a segment of said bore, and an auxiliary jawhavinga neck extending through said jaw face where cut through, with arib removably tting in said bore, whereby said auxiliaryjaw pivots insaid bore to swing between said pair of jaws.

lll)

13. In a, vise, a pair of movable jaws, one jaw being movabletowardandaway from the other jaw, a guide for this one jaw, and forcingmeans for simultaneously forcin said one jaw toward said other jaw anforcing both of said jaws toward said guide.

14. In a vise, in combina-tion with a. base,

.a pair of jaws on said base, both movably mounted, one of'said jawsbeing movable lengthwise along said base toward and away from the otherjaw, a screw extending along said base, a link connected' to a` threadedpart of said screw for movementl thereby along said base and connectedto said one of said jaws, and a link connected'to another part of saidscrew whereby it allows the screw to turn, and connected to theother oneof said jaws, said links inclining away from each other from said screwto said jaws. l

15. Ina vise, a pair of `aws, one of said jaws being movable toWa-r andaway from the other jaw, and one of said jaws being tiltable in acertain plane relativelyzto the other jaw, and means 'to prevent tiltingof end of sai lar er opening and forming a journal for onejaw away fromthe .other in another I plane when an object is clamped between saidjaws. v r

16. In a vise, in combination with a base 'having a lengthwise slot andopenings in its opposite ends, at the ends of said slot, a

screw in said slot with its end parts in said openin and having.oppositely disposed threa s on opposite end parts, a pair of jawsmovable along said slot, operative connections from the respective jawsto said ,l oppositely disposed threads, to be assembled assembledthereon, and.- a head fixed oni` said'screw,dprojeeting outside therespective base, and projecting into said screw in said opening.

v HENRY R. BOTHWELL.

sai

